Add recursive method to fetch category path in DocumentationCategoryRepository

- Implement `getPathFromRoot` to retrieve the category path using recursive SQL query.
- Cache results for improved performance.

app/application/app/Repositories/DocumentationCategoryRepository.php

@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ use App\Services\Search\CreateSearchInstanceCommand;
 use App\Dto\Builder\DocumentationCategory as DocumentationCategoryBuilderDto;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasOne;
+use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
 use Illuminate\Support\Str;
 
 final readonly class DocumentationCategoryRepository
@@ -93,4 +96,52 @@ final readonly class DocumentationCategoryRepository
             ->pluck('title', 'id')
             ->toArray();
     }
+
+    public function getPathFromRoot(int $categoryId, ?ProjectLanguage $projectLanguage): Collection
+    {
+        $seconds = 3600;
+        return Cache::remember(self::class . $categoryId . '_' . $projectLanguage->id ?? 0, $seconds, function () use ($categoryId, $projectLanguage) {
+            $rows = DB::select(
+                <<<SQL
+                    WITH RECURSIVE chain AS (
+                        SELECT id, parent_id, 0 AS depth
+                        FROM documentation_categories
+                        WHERE id = ?
+
+                        UNION ALL
+
+                        SELECT dc.id, dc.parent_id, chain.depth + 1 AS depth
+                        FROM documentation_categories dc
+                        INNER JOIN chain ON chain.parent_id = dc.id
+                    )
+                    SELECT id, depth
+                    FROM chain
+                    ORDER BY depth DESC
+                SQL,
+                [$categoryId]
+            );
+
+            $idsInOrder = collect($rows)->pluck('id')->all();
+
+            $with = [
+                'content' => function (HasOne $hasOne) use ($projectLanguage) {
+                    /** @var ?ProjectLanguage $projectLanguage */
+                    $hasOne->when($projectLanguage, function (Builder $query, ProjectLanguage $projectLanguage) {
+                        $query->where('language_id', $projectLanguage->id);
+                    });
+                }
+            ];
+
+            $categories = DocumentationCategory::query()
+                ->whereIn('id', $idsInOrder)
+                ->with($with)
+                ->get()
+                ->keyBy('id');
+
+            return collect($idsInOrder)
+                ->map(fn (int $id) => $categories->get($id))
+                ->filter()
+                ->values();
+        });
+    }
 }